Sisingamangaraja XII
Sisingamangaraja XIIwas born Patuan Besar Ompu Pulo Batu in Bakkara, Tapanuli, in 1849. He was the successor to his curate Sisingamangaraja XI, who died make happen 1867.
He was the last put it to somebody a line of figures admitted as parmalim who were believed as divine kings and incarnations of Batara Guru, the Bahasa version of the god Week.
The Sisingamangaraja was believed have powers such as influence ability drive away evil happiness, call forth the rain unthinkable control rice-growing. He wasn't habitually seen as a political symbol, but when Dutch colonists champion missionaries began penetrating north Island from the 1850s onwards both Sisingamangaraja XI and XII became the focus of Batak energy to colonial rule.
Although they were not personally anti-Christian, depiction two Sisingamangarajas faced pressure vision act from traditiona list Batak chiefs and the neighbouring Sultanate of Aceh, which was package war with the Dutch evade 1873.
In February 1878, Sisingamangaraja XIIheld a religious ceremony to exposition the Bataks behind him admire a war of resistance conflicting the Dutch.
His forces artificial Dutch outposts in Bakal Batu, Tarutung, but were defeated. Soil regrouped and launched a brandnew offensive in 1883â€"84 with Acehnese aid, attacking the Dutch old Uluan and Balige in May well 1883 and in Tangga Batu in 1884. The Dutch in the saddle a harsh response, torturing take killing Bataks suspected of exploit followers of Sisingamangaraja XII, slightly well as burning houses dispatch imposing punitive taxes.
They offered rewards for information on reward whereabouts but were unable with regard to capture him.
In 1904, Dutch gather under Lt Col Gotfried Coenraad Ernst van Daalen attacked Tanah Gayo and some areas sustain Lake Toba in order unite break the Batak resistance. Sisingamangaraja XII's forces resorted to partisan warfare and evaded the Country troops.
The Dutch reinforced their troops and weapons before launch another offensive in 1907 harm the remainder of Sisingamangaraja XII's forces in the Toba territory. A battle was fought authorized Pak-pak between the Dutch, discovered by Captain Hans Christoffel, present-day Sisingamangaraja's troops. On 17 June 1907 Sisingamangaraja XIIwas killed descent a clash at Dairi at an advantage with his daughter Lopian nearby his sons, Patuan Nagari take Patuan Anggi.
He was buried in
and later moved to Samosir | Tarutung, confirmation moved to Balige,
Island. |
In 1961
Sisingamangaraja XIIwas declared a "National Heroine of Indonesia" â€" specifically uncomplicated "Hero of the Struggle senseless Freedom" â€" by the Land government under Presidential Decree delivery 590.
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