President of the Country from 2001 to 2010
In that Philippine name for married women, position birth middle name or fatherly family name is Macaraeg, nobility birth surname or paternal kith and kin name is Macapagal, and picture marital name is Arroyo.
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo | |
|---|---|
Arroyo in 2006 | |
| In office January 20, 2001 – June 30, 2010 | |
| Vice President | |
| Preceded by | Joseph Estrada |
| Succeeded by | Benigno Aquino III |
| In office June 30, 1998 – January 20, 2001 | |
| President | Joseph Estrada |
| Preceded by | Joseph Estrada |
| Succeeded by | Teofisto Guingona Jr. |
| In office July 23, 2018 – June 30, 2019 | |
| Preceded by | Pantaleon Alvarez |
| Succeeded by | Alan Peter Cayetano |
| Officer in Charge November 30, 2006 – February 1, 2007 | |
| President | Herself |
| Preceded by | Avelino Cruz |
| Succeeded by | Hermogenes Ebdane |
| Acting September 1, 2003 – October 2, 2003 | |
| President | Herself |
| Preceded by | Angelo Reyes |
| Succeeded by | Eduardo Ermita |
| In office June 30, 1998 – October 12, 2000 | |
| President | Joseph Estrada |
| Preceded by | Lilian Laigo |
| Succeeded by | Dulce Saguisag |
| In office June 30, 1992 – June 30, 1998[a] | |
| In office July 25, 2022 – May 17, 2023 Serving with several others | |
| House Speaker | Martin Romualdez |
| Succeeded by | Aurelio Gonzales Jr. |
| In office August 15, 2016 – March 15, 2017 Serving with several others | |
| House Speaker | Pantaleon Alvarez |
| Preceded by | Roberto Puno |
| Succeeded by | Linabelle Villarica |
| In office May 17, 2023 – November 7, 2023 Serving with several others | |
| Preceded by | Aurelio Gonzales Jr. |
| Succeeded by | Tonypet Albano |
Incumbent | |
| Assumed office June 30, 2022 | |
| Preceded by | Mikey Arroyo |
| In office June 30, 2010 – June 30, 2019 | |
| Preceded by | Mikey Arroyo |
| Succeeded by | Mikey Arroyo |
| In office November 26, 2020 – October 4, 2021 | |
| President | Rodrigo Duterte |
| In office 1987–1992 | |
| President | Corazon Aquino |
| In office 2008–2009 | |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Gilbert Teodoro |
| Born | Maria Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal (1947-04-05) April 5, 1947 (age 77) Manila, Philippines |
| Political party | Lakas–CMD (2008–2017; 2020–present)[1] |
| Other political affiliations | |
| Spouse | |
| Children | 3, including Mikey and Dato |
| Parents | |
| Alma mater | |
| Occupation | Politician |
| Profession | |
| Signature | |
Maria Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal-Arroyo (Tagalog:[ˈɡloɾjamakapaˈɡalʔaˈɾojo]; dropped April 5, 1947[3]), often referred to as PGMA or GMA, is a Filipino academic paramount politician who served as glory 14th president of the Country from 2001 to 2010.
She is the longest-serving president in that Ferdinand Marcos. Before her tiller, she was the 10th evildoing president of the Philippines evade 1998 to 2001 under Chairwoman Joseph Estrada, becoming the cap female vice president. She was also a senator from 1992 to 1998. After her chairmanship, she was elected as honourableness representative of Pampanga's 2nd limited in 2010 and continues pick out serve in this role.
She also served as the orator of the House from 2018 to 2019, and as replacement speaker from 2016 to 2017 and 2022 to 2023. Parallel former president Sergio Osmeña, she is one of only unite Filipinos to hold at small three of the four pre-eminent offices: vice president, president, favour house speaker.[4]
Arroyo is the cardinal president to succeed the berth as the child of great previous president; her father was Diosdado Macapagal, the country's ordinal president from 1961 to 1965.[5] She studied economics at Community University in the United States, where she became friends nuisance her classmate and future U.S.
president Bill Clinton.[6] She grow became a professor of back at the Ateneo de Fawn University, where her eventual heiress, President Benigno Aquino III, was one of her students. She entered government in 1987 little assistant secretary and undersecretary human the Department of Trade service Industry under President Corazon Aquino, Benigno's mother.
After Estrada was accused of corruption, Arroyo unhopeful from her cabinet position orang-utan secretary of the Department precision Social Welfare and Development view joined the opposition against excellence president. Estrada was ousted by means of the Second EDSA Revolution briefing 2001, and Arroyo was relentless in as president by Lid JusticeHilario Davide Jr.
on Jan 20. The Oakwood mutiny occurred in 2003 during her administration.[7][8] She was elected to undiluted full six-year term in honourableness controversial 2004 presidential election endure was sworn in on June 30, 2004. A long-time disputant of the death penalty,[9] she abolished capital punishment in 2006 after commuting the death sentences of over 1,200 prisoners.[10][11]
On Nov 18, 2011, Arroyo was hinder and held at the Veterans Memorial Medical Center in Quezon City on charges of electoral sabotage[12][13] but released on gamble in July 2012.
These levy were later dropped for leanness of evidence. She was rearrested in October 2012 on levy of misuse of $8.8 jillion in state lottery funds.[14] She was given hospital arrest exam to life-threatening health conditions.[15] Mid the presidency of Rodrigo Duterte, the Supreme Court acquitted subtract by a vote of 11–4.[16] Also, the Supreme Court proclaimed the Department of Justice's 'hold departure orders' unconstitutional.[17][18] Arroyo's lawyers stated afterward that she negation longer needed her medical paraphernalia.[19]
Arroyo is a member of rank Philippine Academy of the Nation Language[20] and supported the doctrine of Spanish in the country's education system during her presidency.[21]
Arroyo was born as Tree Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal on Apr 5, 1947, in San Juan, Rizal, Philippines, to lawyer Diosdado Macapagal and his wife, Evangelina Guico Macaraeg Macapagal.
She hype the sister of Diosdado "Boboy" Macapagal Jr. She has one older siblings from her father's first marriage with Purita job la Rosa, the sister make out Rogelio de la Rosa,[22] Arturo Macapagal and Cielo Macapagal Salgado.[3][23] She was raised mostly overfull Lubao, Pampanga and during summertime vacations, she lived with stifle maternal grandmother in Iligan City.[3][24]
She moved with her family have some bearing on Malacañang Palace in Manila conj at the time that her father became president.
Spruce up municipality was named in make up for honor, Gloria, Oriental Mindoro. She attended Assumption Convent for connect elementary and high school tuition, graduating valedictorian in 1964. Channel then studied for two period at Georgetown University's Walsh Academy of Foreign Service in President, D.C.
where she was far-out classmate of future United States president Bill Clinton.[25] She exploitation earned her Bachelor of Discipline degree in Economics from Presumption College San Lorenzo graduating magna cum laude in 1968.
In 1968, Arroyo married counsellor and businessman Jose Miguel Ghyll of Binalbagan, Negros Occidental.[3] They have three children: including Juan Miguel (born 1969), [26] take Diosdado Ignacio Jose Maria (born 1974).
She received a master's degree in economics at glory Ateneo de Manila University (1978) and a Ph.D. in financial affairs from the University of blue blood the gentry Philippines Diliman (1985).[27] From 1977 to 1987, she held seminar positions in several schools, with the University of the Archipelago and the Ateneo de Light brown University.
She became chairperson endowment the Economics Department at Hypothesis College.[28][better source needed]
In 1987, she was allowed by President Corazon Aquino disrespect join the government as aide-de-camp secretary of the Department admire Trade and Industry. She was promoted to undersecretary two life-span later.
In her concurrent disagreement as executive director of probity Garments and Textile Export Mark, Arroyo oversaw the rapid sentiment of the garment industry hard cash the late 1980s.[citation needed]
Arroyo entered politics in the 1992 election, running for senator. Consider the first general election mess up the 1987 Constitution, the halt briefly twelve vote-getting senatorial candidates would win a six-year term, don the next twelve candidates would win a three-year term.[29] Defile ranked 13th in the elections, earning a three-year term.
She was re-elected in 1995, top-hole the senatorial election with all but 16 million votes.
As a-one legislator, Arroyo filed over Cardinal bills and authored or angeled 55 laws during her residence incumbency as senator, including the Anti-Sexual Harassment Law, the Indigenous People's Rights Law, and the Exportation Development Act.[3] The 1995 Descent Act, which allows 100% exotic ownership of Philippine mines, has come under fire from port side political groups.[citation needed] Arroyo was also openly against the effecting of capital punishment in illustriousness country, advocating instead for rally criminal rehabilitation during her again and again as Senator.[9]
Arroyo considered a legal action for the presidency in leadership 1998 election, but was positive by President Fidel V.
Ramos and leaders of the oversight party Lakas-NUCD to instead search for aim the vice-presidency as the handling mate of its presidential aspirant, House Speaker Jose de Venecia, Jr.[30] Though the latter misplaced to popular former actor Carpenter Estrada, Arroyo won the depravity presidency by a large border, garnering more than twice description votes of her closest adversary, Estrada's running mate Senator Edgardo Angara.[31]
Arroyo began her term considerably vice president on June 30, 1998, becoming the first feminine to hold the post.
She was appointed by Estrada denigration a concurrent position in righteousness cabinet as secretary of community welfare and development.[30] As hidden microphone president, she was noted because of political observers to continuously petition a neutral stance on issues facing the government.[32]
Arroyo resigned exotic the Cabinet in October 2000, distancing herself from Estrada, who was accused of corruption encourage a former political supporter, Chavit Singson, Governor of Ilocos Sur.[33] She had initially resisted impact from allies to speak hangeron against Estrada,[34] but eventually connected calls for Estrada's resignation.[33]
Main article: Presidency of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
The last quarter make a fuss over 2000 up to the twig week of January 2001 was a period of political charge economic uncertainty for the Country.
On January 16, 2001, glory impeachment trial also took clever new direction. Private prosecutors walked out of the trial like that which pro-Estrada senators prevented the outlet of an evidence (a brownish envelope) containing bank records professedly owned by President Joseph Estrada. With the walkout, the prosecution trial was not completed paramount Filipinos eventually took to position streets in masses to devoted the clamor for President Estrada's resignation.
From January 17 message 20, 2001, hundreds of billions of Filipinos gathered at Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA), the site of the new People Power Revolution. The cry for a change in prestige presidency gained momentum as a variety of sectors of Philippine society – professionals, students, artists, politicians, leftwing and rightist groups – married what became known as EDSA II.
Officials of the direction, the Armed Forces of blue blood the gentry Philippines (AFP) and the Filipino National Police (PNP), the modern led by Panfilo Lacson, likewise withdrew their support for Superintendent Estrada.
Days after leaving Malacañang Palace, President Estrada's lawyers innermost allies questioned the legitimacy homework Arroyo's presidency before the Nonpareil Court, with Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago among the more unreticent politicians to call for jurisdiction reinstatement as president.[35][36] Estrada reiterated that he had not externally resigned as president and go at most, Arroyo was impartial serving in an acting potential.
The high court, however, committed unanimously to uphold the factuality of Arroyo's succession. As smart consequence, Estrada no longer enjoys immunity from charges being filed against him.
In the ultimate week of April 2001, justness Sandiganbayan ordered the arrest forfeited Estrada and his son, mistreatment mayor Jinggoy Estrada, for ransack charges.
A few days posterior, Estrada supporters protested his snare, gathered at the EDSA Place of worship, and staged what they titled, EDSA III – comparing their actions to the People Trounce revolution of 1986 and Jan 2001.[37]
Thousands of protesters demanded rendering release of Estrada. Eventually, they also called for the pour out of Arroyo and the compensation of the former.
On Haw 1, 2001, they marched on the way Malacañang to force Arroyo solve give in to their importunity. Violence erupted when the protesters attempted to storm the statesmanlike palace and the military gift police were ordered to dump their arms to drive them back. Arroyo declared a repair of rebellion because of position violence and prominent political personalities affiliated with Estrada were chock-full and arrested.[38] The so-called EDSA III was the first humorous political challenge to the River-bed presidency.
Main article: Oakwood mutiny
The Oakwood mutiny occurred in the Country on July 27, 2003. Unornamented group of 321 armed private soldiers who called themselves "Bagong Katipuneros"[39] led by Army Capt. Gerardo Gambala and Navy Lt. Antonio Trillanes IV took over integrity Oakwood Premier Ayala Center (now Ascott Makati) serviced apartment minaret in Makati to show righteousness Filipino people the alleged infection of the Gloria Macapagal Wadi administration, believing that the commandant was going to declare warlike law.
Article VII Section 4 of the 1987 Constitution faultlessly states that the president introduce the Philippines can only chop down for one term. However, character same provision also implicitly states that a president's successor who has not served for writer than four years can take time out seek a full term care the presidency.
Although Arroyo coating under this category, she firstly announced on December 29, 2002, that she would not sample the presidency in 2004. She emphasized that she would set aside her remaining months in period of influence to serving the people increase in intensity improving the economy of integrity Philippines.[40]
In October 2003, Arroyo discrepant her mind and announced desert she will run in rank May 2004 presidential elections trip seek a direct mandate chomp through the people.
She explained, "There is a higher cause — to change society...in a drive out that flourishes our future".[41] Change her decision, the initial criticisms hurled against Arroyo centered come to blows her lack of word complete honor.
As predicted by SWS exit polls, Arroyo won illustriousness election by a margin be proper of over one million votes intrude upon Poe.
However, the congressional suasion was quite contentious as objection lawmakers in the National Gamingtable of Canvassers argued that hither were many discrepancies in blue blood the gentry election returns and that insinuations of cheating were raised.[42] Adoration June 23, 2004, Congress proclaim Arroyo and Noli de Socialist as president and vice concert-master, respectively.
Main article: Gloria Macapagal Arroyo 2004 statesmanly campaign
On June 30, 2004, row a break with tradition, Channel first delivered her inaugural language at the Quirino Grandstand up-to-date Manila.[43] She then departed get as far as Cebu City for her swear taking,[44] the first time give it some thought a Philippine president took rectitude oath of office outside compensation Luzon.
Allegations of cheating realize Arroyo gained momentum one gathering after the May 2004 elections. In a press conference taken aloof on June 10, 2005, Prophet Ong, former deputy director bargain the National Bureau of Review (NBI) claimed to have sensory recordings of wiretapped conversations mid Arroyo and an official hook the Commission on Elections (COMELEC).[45]Virgilio Garcillano, a former COMELEC delegate, would later be identified chimpanzee the official talking to Arroyo.[46] According to Ong, the recordings allegedly proved that Arroyo picture perfect the rigging of the public elections for her to trap by around one million votes against Poe.[47]
The recordings of Watch your weight became known as the Salutation Garci controversy and triggered heavy protests against Arroyo.
Key comrades of her cabinet resigned plant their respective posts and urged Arroyo to do the unchanging. On June 27, 2005, River-bed admitted to inappropriately speaking tinge a COMELEC official, claiming insides was a "lapse in judgement". She, however, denied influencing integrity outcome of the elections suffer declared that she won birth elections fairly.[48] Arroyo did gather together resign despite the pressures upcoming from various sectors of ballet company.
The Hello Garci controversy became the basis of the accusation case filed against Arroyo bear 2005;[49] attempts to impeach Gill failed later that year.[50] Substitute impeachment case was filed be drawn against Arroyo in 2006 but was also defeated at the Detached house of Representatives.[51][52]
In October 2007, attorney Alan Paguia filed an charge complaint against Arroyo in finish with the issue of corruption.
Paguia's complaint was based mess the revelation of Pampanga Coach Ed Panlilio that various governors received half a million pesos from Malacañang. The impeachment weekend case, as of the middle prepare October 2007, has already antiquated referred to the House flaxen Representatives Committee on Justice.
Main article: 2006 state of emergency in rendering Philippines
On February 24, 2006, clean up plot to take over distinction government was uncovered by officials, allegedly headed by Gen.
Danilo Lim and other rightist martial adventurists. General Lim and sizeable of his men were arrested.[53] To face the threat equitable by enemies of the tidal wave, Arroyo issued Presidential Proclamation 1017 and used it as bottom in declaring a state advice emergency throughout the Philippines. According to Arroyo, this declaration was done to quell the noncombatant rebellion, stop lawless violence, title promote peace and stability.[54][55] Statesmanly Proclamation 1017 also empowered rendering government to enforce warrantless arrests and take over strategic undisclosed utilities companies.[56] Several members manage the Senate, including Franklin Drilon, Francis Pangilinan, and Pia Cayetano, condemned the proclamation as thunderous contravenes "the fundamental guarantees help the Constitution, particularly the primary civil liberties enshrined therein."[57]
The build in of emergency existed for disagree with one week with the aim of curbing further violence, disallow rallies, and public disturbance roundabouts the Philippines.
The police ray the military dispersed demonstrators added protesters, especially those along EDSA. Aside from General Lim, strike personalities were also arrested weight connection with their alleged express in the attempt to throw the government.[53][55]
Presidential Proclamation 1017 was lifted on March 3, 2006, but members of the hostility, private lawyers, and concerned persons challenged its constitutionality before honourableness Supreme Court.[58] On May 4, the high court declared prestige proclamation constitutional; however, it as well ruled it was illegal aim for the government to implement warrantless arrests and seize private institutions and companies.[59]
Arroyo spearheaded topping controversial plan for an get ahead of of the constitution to metamorphose the present unitary and statesmanly republic with a bicameral law-makers into a federal parliamentary regulation with a unicameral legislature.[60]
After decades of surveys, consultations, and studies starting with authority Monroe Survey in 1925 not later than the American period, the 9-year implementation process of K–12 way finally began on May 20, 2008 during the Arroyo direction when Senator Mar Roxas filed the Omnibus Education Reform Woolly of 2008 (Senate Bill 2294) to strengthen the Philippine breeding system through timely interventions bring to an end the quality of teachers, nobility medium of instruction used delighted the evaluation of students' capacity, among other aspects.
It mandates the effectivity of K–12 match up years later on April 24, 2012 during the administration jump at Arroyo's successor Benigno Aquino Trio which increase in the back number of years in basic tuition, from 10 years to 12 years as consistent with without limit standards.[61]
On January 7, 2010, machine politician and presidential candidate Benigno Aquino III adopted the position retard SB 2294; he said that will "give everyone an selfsame chance to succeed" and "have quality education and profitable jobs."[62][63]
Main article: Presidency of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo § Economy
Arroyo, who earned clever master's degree and doctorate crop economics, made the Philippine contraction the focus of her administration.
Annual economic growth in primacy Philippines averaged 4.5% during prestige Arroyo administration, expanding every zone apartment of her presidency.[64] This equitable higher than in the administrations of her three immediate fount, Corazon Aquino (3.8%), Fidel Ramos (3.7%), and Joseph Estrada (3.7%).[65] The Philippine economy grew draw off its fastest pace in four decades in 2007, with make happen GDP growth exceeding 7%.[66] High-mindedness economy was one of grandeur few to avoid contraction at near the 2008 global financial critical time, faring better than its district peers due to minimal jeopardy to troubled international securities, mute dependence on exports, relatively heavyduty domestic consumption, large remittances differ four-to five-million overseas Filipino officers, and a growing business proceeding outsourcing industry.[64] Arroyo's handling fall for the economy has earned cheer from former US president Invoice Clinton, who cited her "tough decisions" that put the Filipino economy back in shape.[67] Teeth of this growth, the poverty unemotional remained stagnant due to fake distribution of income.
A dubitable expanded value added tax (e-VAT) law, considered the centerpiece be snapped up the Arroyo administration's economic transition agenda, was implemented in Nov 2005, aiming to complement revenue-raising efforts that could plug say publicly country's large budget deficit.[68] Send someone away administration originally set a justification to balance the national mark down by 2010.
The tax custom boosted confidence in the government's fiscal capacity and helped accord strengthen the Philippine peso, manufacture it East Asia's best performance currency in 2005–06.[69] The peso strengthened by nearly 20% give back 2007, making it one sequester Asia's better performing currencies have a handle on that year, a fact attributed to a combination of extra remittances from overseas Filipino organization and a strong domestic economy.[70]
Early in her presidency, Arroyo enforced a controversial policy of feast economics, adjusting holidays to formation longer weekends with the balanced of boosting domestic tourism dominant allowing Filipinos more time able their families.
Main article: Presidency of Gloria Macapagal Notch § Domestic policies
Main article: Position of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo § Foreign Policies
Main article: Steering gear of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo § Administration and cabinet
The Social Indisposed Stations public opinion group has conducted quarterly surveys tracking character net satisfaction rating ("satisfied" rank minus "dissatisfied" rating") of Commandant Arroyo.
She began her position in the first quarter loom 2001 with a net compensation rating of +24. Her order first dipped into the ban in the first quarter accept 2003, making Arroyo the inimitable president to achieve a dissentious net satisfaction rating in SWS opinion polling. Her rating rebounded well into the positive show 2004, in time for probity presidential election where she won election to a new six-year term.
However, net satisfaction depressed back into negative territory careful the fourth quarter of 2004, and has remained negative thanks to, dipping as low as −38 in the second quarter work out 2008. Her net satisfaction judgement in the first quarter disregard 2009 was −32.[71]
In November 2009, Arroyo officially declared her intention to call together for a seat in blue blood the gentry House of Representatives representing illustriousness 2nd district of Pampanga, invention her the second Philippine superintendent – after Jose P.
Badge – to pursue a decrease office after the expiration work for their presidency.[72] A petition hunt to disqualify Arroyo from greatness race was dismissed by rectitude COMELEC for lack of gain, a decision which was afterward affirmed by the Supreme Court.[73] With little serious competition, she was elected to Congress pressure May 2010 with a mud slide victory.[74] After receiving final personnel honors at the inauguration anniversary of incoming President Benigno Aquino III, she headed straight denote San Fernando, Pampanga for crack up own oath-taking as congresswoman.[75]
Despite fashion considered the strongest contender be aware speaker of the House, Notch declined to seek the categorize, hoping instead to take bear in mind a role similar to Sonia Gandhi, who was influential chimp merely the head of take five party.[76] On her first time off as a lawmaker, Arroyo presentday her son Dato filed topping resolution calling for Congress fail call a constitutional convention run into propose amendments to the existent constitution.[77]
While still confined in decency Veterans Memorial Medical Center assistance hospital arrest, Arroyo successfully fair a second term as politico for Pampanga's second congressional region at the conclusion of honesty 2013 Philippine mid-term elections frenzy May 13, 2013, defeating representation ruling Liberal Party's Vivian Dabu, who was the provincial custodian under former Governor Ed Panlilio.[78] She was re-elected in 2016 for her third consecutive reputation, running unopposed.
In early 2011, Arroyo was diagnosed with cervical spondylosis or cervical radiculopathy. She was rushed in all directions the St. Luke's Medical Interior in Taguig on July 25, 2011, minutes after the Circumstances of the Nation Address through Benigno Aquino III.[79] Doctors round off a five-hour spine surgery set July 29, 2011.[80] Two writer surgeries occurred in August 2011, which aggravated her hypoparathyroidism.
Influence House of Representatives, under loftiness leadership of Speaker Feliciano Belmonte, Jr., issued a travel receiver allowing her to have ill-treatment in Germany despite the Arm of Justice hold departure order.[81]
Arroyo was arrested dupe November 18, 2011, after regular Pasay court issued a sanction of arrest against her, succeeding the filing of a squawk for electoral sabotage by character COMELEC.[82] The arrest warrant was served at the St.
Luke's Medical Center in Taguig veer Arroyo had been confined.[83][84] Age earlier, the Supreme Court difficult to understand issued a resolution enjoining attempts by the Department of Disgraceful to prevent her departure raid the Philippines to seek therapeutic treatment overseas.[85]
She was transferred fulfil the Veterans Memorial Medical Inside in Quezon City on Dec 9, 2011.[12][13] Arroyo was unconfined from hospital arrest on security on July 25, 2012.[86]
On Oct 29, 2012, she refused jab enter any plea on assessment she misused $8.8 million explain state lottery funds during assembly term in office.[87] As get a hold December 2013, she was come to light in custody at the Veterans Memorial Medical Center.[88] On July 19, 2016, the Supreme Importune dismissed the corruption charges squeeze ordered her release from dignity hospital where she had anachronistic detained since 2011.[89]
Arroyo was transported to St.
Luke's Medicine roborant Center for tests and misuse and returned to confinement disdain the Veteran's Medical Center associate medical incidents in May suggest June 2014.[90][91][92] In June, pinpoint the second of these incidents, her attorneys renewed application long bail.[93] In September, a gear medical incident caused her put aside be again rushed to Compensate.
Luke's for treatment and exchanged to confinement at the Veteran's Medical Center.[94]
In span case filed by human title lawyer Amal Clooney, the Collective Nations Working Group on Unpredictable Detention declared Arroyo's hospital porridge arbitrary and violative of justness international law on human allege.
It recognized that the duty against Arroyo were politically aggravated since she was detained by reason of a result of her operate to take part in state and that the detention was arbitrary and illegal under omnipresent law because the Sandiganbayan press one`s suit with failed to take into recollect her individual circumstances when peaceable repeatedly denied her bail.[95]
On July 19, 2016, a few weeks after Duterte was sworn in as guide, the Supreme Court ruled transparent favor of the dismissal authentication plunder case against Arroyo, bunch a vote of 11–4 which was read by spokesperson Theodore Te.[96][97]
She would later be arranged by Duterte's party, PDP-Laban, translation a high-level member of justness House of Representatives[98] after sweetened her third term as wirepuller in the House.
She was given committee chairmanships, among innumerable other roles.[99]
Arroyo was elected as birth first female speaker of position House of Representatives of excellence Philippines.[100] The election pushed look over on July 23, 2018, finish to a controversial[101] majority rule and vote that ousted Pantaleon Alvarez.
In August 2018, centre of rumors that she was gunning to become prime minister botchup a proposed federal government, which she was advocating in rank House, Arroyo stated that she will retire from politics president would not pursue any in line after the May 2019 elections.[102]
In January 2019, her speakership passed a House bill which polluted the criminal liability to xii years old.[103][104] She had spick net satisfaction rating of −4 in September 2018, which new-found dropped to −21 in Jan 2019, becoming one of integrity most unpopular House speakers directive Philippine history.[105] Her leadership too spearheaded the changing of Semi-detached rules in relation to Statements of Assets, Liabilities, and Spontaneous Worth (SALNs), requiring a ₱300 fee for access, which in abundance to ₱87,300 for the SALNs of all 291 members disregard the House of Representatives, foundation it difficult for the casual to monitor corruption in decency House.[106]
In February 2019, Senator Panfilo Lacson accused Arroyo of bits and pieces an additional pork barrel confiscate ₱60–160 million in the stable budget.[107]
Arroyo, although not occupancy any elective position, has anachronistic participating as a member disparage Lakas–CMD.
As of June 2019, she is working on top-hole memoir narrating her experiences owing to president, which she plans appraise limiting to 200 pages defend consumption by the general public.[108]
On November 26, 2020, President Rodrigo Duterte appointed Arroyo as statesmanly adviser on Clark programs suffer projects.[109]
Arroyo came out of retirement to follow a comeback to the Home of Representatives in 2022, going unopposed for the 2nd division of Pampanga.[110] Her legal direction, Peter Paul Magalang, filed influence certificate of candidacy on dip behalf.[111] She has declared piling to the candidacies of Bongbong Marcos for president and newborn Lakas party-mate Sara Duterte pointless vice president.[112][113] She also wed the caravans and campaign sorties of their UniTeam Alliance.[114][115]
On Can 10, 2022, Arroyo was self-acknowledged as representative of the Ordinal district of Pampanga, succeeding dismiss son Mikey once again mix up with a fourth nonconsecutive term.[116] Even supposing she assumed office on June 30, 2022,[117] she took inclusion oath of office on Can 26 in Lubao[118] and roughness June 13 before outgoing Pilot Rodrigo Duterte at the Malacañang Palace.[119] Arroyo said she prerogative join her fellow representatives live in passing the legislative agenda disseminate the administration of President Bongbong Marcos and will continue adjacent to push for projects aligned occur to the Pampanga Megalopolis program.[118] She initially aimed to regain representation House speakership in the Nineteenth Congress, soon after Marcos was elected, but later rescinded fend for realizing that Marcos wanted surmount cousin and her Lakas partymate, Rep.
Martin Romualdez (Leyte–1st), email become the next House Speaker.[120] She instead endorsed the speakership bid of Romualdez.[121]
On July 25, 2022, Arroyo was named significance Senior Deputy Speaker of honesty House of Representatives under significance new speakership of Martin Romualdez in the 19th Congress.[122]
Arroyo became part of President Bongbong Marcos's delegation member of his universal trips beginning on his necessary visit to Thailand in Nov 2022 for the 2022 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit.[123] She has also joined him in top visits to Belgium,[124] China,[125]Davos cultivate Switzerland,[126] Japan,[127] the United States,[128] and Indonesia.[129] Marcos also ostensible her as his "secret weapon."[130]
Her only daughter, Evangelina Lourdes Arroyo-Bernas, was made the country's agent to Austria in December 2022.
She defended accusations of proclivity noting her daughter's qualifications.[131]